FLORA

The Encina flora_chaparraNavalafuente presents a remarkable variety of plant communities, taking into account its small size (12 km2 approx.). In the northern town, where the terrain is more inclined to be at the foot of the mountains, are developing some interesting formations botanicals such as enebrales miera of juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) in the hills of the bureau.

  The juniper is primarily a companion species in forest formations of other trees, mostly in oak groves, but under certain circumstances might be true in the forests that are the dominant species, as in Navalafuente. According to the experts, there are two main factors that favor the development of enebrales: The elimination of oak (Quercus ilex subsp. Ballota) by logging and overgrazing of juniper and adaptation to poor soil where they can grow species most demanding in this regard as oak, rebollo (Quercus pyrenaica) or gall oak (Quercus faginea). In these enebrales appear scrub small - medium size, such as gum rockrose pringosa (Cistus ladanifer), Arabian lavender (Lavandula stoechas subsp. Pedunculata) or thyme (Thymus spp.).

  Another vegetation Navalafuente is very present in the holm oak woods. An important area of the southern half of the town is populated by oak or carrasca. The intense use anthropic it has received this kind has led to a wide variety of environments whose common denominator is this quercínea (rangelands, forests, scrub… formations). Along with the oak appear jaras, brooms (Cytisus scoparius), cantuesos, thyme, torviscos (Daphne gnidium) gamones (Asphodelus albus), inter alia, that during the spring when blooming, stained color the landscape.

  The use livestock to be done in the village, since time immemorial, is carried out mainly in private farms, small or medium size, bounded by stone walls. In those areas where grasslands are the most important habitat, trees are developed along these enclosures, resulted in a characteristic landscape. One of the typical species that appear in these boundaries is the ash (Fraxinus angustifolia). In addition, there are brambles (Rubus spp.), Roses (Rosa spp.), Endrinos (Prunus spinosa), majuelos (Crataegus monogyna), oaks, junipers, etc..

  The streams that run through the town, and especially the stream Gargüeña, introduce environmental conditions that permit the emergence of species linked to soils with a higher soil moisture as willow (Salix sp.), Poplars (Populus spp.), Alder ( Alnus glutinosa), and so on. The latter shows the peculiarity of being able to fix atmospheric nitrogen through a partnership symbiotic bacteria.

FAUNA

The fauna of Navalafuente is conditioned by two major factors: The proximity of the Sierra and human activity. The latter has led to the demise of the species most sensitive to the presence of man, as well as the most persecuted for their interaction with the interests of local people, such as the Iberian Lobo (Canis lupus subsp. Signatus) or Panda Bear ( Ursus arctos), whose recent copies became extinct in past centuries. Still, the town is home to a remarkable variety of fauna, helped by the diversity of environments it. Among mammals highlights: Wild boar (Sus scrofa), foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and Gineta (Genetta genetta), but can be many others, such as Roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), Badger (Meles meles), Garduña ( foina Tuesday), rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), the hare (Lepus granatensis), and rodents (mice, Lirones caretos, Topillos, etc.). insectivorous and (hedgehogs, shrews, bats, etc..). Most of these species are discrete habits and activity takes place mainly in the evening and at night, making it difficult to observación.fauna Cigueña

Rather, it is easy to discover the rich birdlife which houses Navalafuente, giving a ride on his trail. Again, the diversity landscape of the municipality provides suitable habitat for many species. The formations holm oak woods, it will not be difficult to find with the noisy and colorful Rabilargos (Cyanopica cyana), corpulentas Doves torcaces (Columba palumbus) or showy Abubilla (Upupa epops). In the groves and banks of the streams we can see the nervous Myths (Aegithalus caudatus), the melodic Nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos) or small Chochines (Troglodytes troglodytes), although the latter two will make it easier to listen to them, because it is always moving therefore most of the thick vegetation. While in the fresnedas not be unusual contemplate Pinzones vulgar (Fringilla coelebs), restless and Coalfish Herrerillos common (Parus major and Parus caeruleus), and with more fortune, some actual Pito (Picus viridis), or Oropéndola (Oriolus oriolus) with its spectacular plumage . Places less wooded also house their birds features such as Triguero (Miliaria grille), the common Tarabilla (Saxicola torquata) or Escribano montesino (Emberiza cia). Even inside the people we can observe birds linked to media humanized as white stork (Ciconia ciconia), which breeds in the church, Swallows (Hirundo rustica) or Vencejos (Apus apus).

Composition of the community ornítica of Navalafuente varies throughout the year, as some birds can be observed only during the winter (wintering birds). These, leaving the breeding areas during this period to avoid the rigours of winter. Examples of this type of birds would be the Zorzal alirrojo (Turdus iliacus) or Lúgano (Carduelis spinus). On the contrary, they have another group of birds that come to Navalafuente during the spring and remain in the town for most of the summer (summer birds), críando in their fields. This is the case with known Ruiseñor, Alcaudón policy (Lanius senator), or colorful Bee (Merops apiaster).

Además birds and mammals Navalafuente presents wide variety of amphibians and reptiles, such as the common corridor and Toads (Bufo calamita, and b. bufo), the common frog (Rana perezi), the Iberian Lagartija (Podarcis hispanica), Lagartija colilarga (Psammodromus algirus) or the Lizard ocelado (Lacerta lepida).

To conclude this section, we should mention that within the variety of invertebrates is multiplied, especially for his appearance and colorful butterflies, that brighten up the fields with flights during the warm months of the year..